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Openness and Fragmentation in EU Defence Procurement
Europe’s fragmented defence procurement markets undermine Europe’s security efforts. Larger procurement markets, by contrast, deliver sharper...
Trade Policy 3.0: Three Scenarios for Tomorrowland
Global trade policy is at a crossroads. For decades, trade liberalisation was guided first by macroeconomic principles – Trade Policy 1.0 – and...
Seeing the Forest and the Trees: Recent Developments in the US Tariff Landscape
This short factual overview paper describes the complexity created by the tariffs imposed by the US, especially for small and medium enterprises...
The Participation of Foreign Bidders in EU Public Procurement: Too Much or Too Little?
This policy brief examines EU public procurement data from the Tenders Electronic Daily (TED) to evaluate foreign bidders’ participation and...
Trade, Jobs and Technological Change: What to Expect in the Next Five Years?
This Policy Brief explores the intertwined effects of trade and technological change (notably robotics and AI) on employment, highlighting a growing...
What Mode of Supply Will Matter the Most for the Future of Services Trade?
This Policy Brief looks at the latest trends in services trade and tries to show their importance, in its various manifestations, for virtually all...
The External Side of Europe’s Great Economic Transformation: International Trade in Services
Europe’s digital transition is starting to bear fruits. Europe’s economic landscape is becoming increasingly digital, with sectors like...
On the Importance of Placebo and Nocebo Effects in International Trade
Trade agreements are powerful drivers of global economic integration, leading to increased trade flows between countries. Usually, trade agreements...
The Gini Trade Index: What Can We Learn from A New Trade Indicator?
This Policy Brief introduces the Gini Trade Index (GTI) as a new trade synthetic key performance indicator capable of capturing the different...
The Art of the Mini-Deals: The Invisible Part of EU Trade Policy
Trade policy is usually defined by the kinds of deals it can strike. Typically, the attention is focussed either on big multilateral trade rounds or...